Gestreifte Quelljungfer
© Clemens M. Brandstetter
(from Boudot & al. 2009:140): The species is endemic to Europe where it mainly occurs in lower mountains in the upper courses of brooks, springs and seapage waters. Spring habitats are highly sensitive to any transformation like acidification and shading of the water as a consequence of conifer plantation, water pollution ecc. – The populations of Calabria, ascribed to the Sicilian subspecies, C. b. sicilica Fraser 1929 are heterogeneous and transitional towards the nominal subspecies.
Società italiana per lo studio e la conservazione delle libellule.
Die Gestreifte Quelljungfer, Cordulegaster bidentata Selys 1843, ist eine typische Art für Quellaustritte und somit Kleinstlebensräume. Dementsprechend ist diese Art gefährdet, weil schon kleinste Veränderungen (Beschattung durch Aufforstung, Verschmutzung, Veränderungen des ph-Wertes, Verrohrung von Gewässern etc) grosse Auswirkungen haben. Die Art dürfte in Sizilien bereits ausgestorben sein, älteste Funde stammen aus 1981.
Froufe & al. (2014) präsentieren eine Studie über genetische Untersuchungen an der Gattung Cordulegaster. Die bisher traditionell unterschiedenen Artengruppen haben sich auch genetisch bestätigt: "Although Odonata are a key component of many freshwater ecosystems, their taxonomy and evolutionary history is still far from being well resolved. In the present study, we report the first molecular phylogeny for the Western Palaearctic Cordulegaster genus (Odonata: Anisoptera: Cordulegastridae). We sequenced fragments of both mitochondrial and nuclear genes [cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and Internal Transcribed Spacer-1 (ITS-1)] from eight species and 13 subspecies, from western, southern and central Europe, Turkey, and Morocco. Our data support the existence of two major groups corresponding to the traditional boltonii– and bidentata-groups. Both groups are monophyletic based on COI sequences and the distinctiveness of Cordulegaster princeps, Cordulegaster trinacriae, Cordulegaster picta and Cordulegaster heros relative to Cordulegaster boltonii, and Cordulegaster helladica and Cordulegaster insignis relative to Cordulegaster bidentata, is confirmed. All species are also monophyletic for ITS-1, with the exception of Cordulegaster helladica buchholzi, which shares the haplotype with C. insignis. Although moderate levels of genetic diversity were found within C. boltonii, there was no clear separation among the four subspecies, with the exception of the populations of Cordulegaster boltonii algirica from North Africa. Similarly, no genetic differentiation was found between the two subspecies of C. bidentata, Cordulegaster bidentata bidentata and Cordulegaster bidenta sicilica.."
Exemplar beobachtet in Ravascletto (Prov. Udine) – Foto: © Stefano Barbacetto.
Biotopbeschreibung des Bildautors: Ein Bach mit Feuersalamandern, ein kleiner (100% biologischer) Obstgarten, ein Stück Auwald mit Erlen, und rund herum junge Fichten- und Mischwälder, wo früher Heuwiesen waren… mit einer Menge Arion und manchmal auch Limax cinereoniger.
Literatur:
Boudot J.-P., V. J. Kalkman, M. Amorín, T. Bogdanović, A. Rivera,G. Degabriele, J.L. Dommanget, S. Ferreira, B. Garrigós, M. Jović, M. Kotarac, W. Lopau, M. Marinov, N. Mihoković, E. Riservato, B. Samraoui & W. Schneider 2009: Atlas of the Odonata of the Mediterranean and North Africa. – Libellula Supplement 9:1-256.
Froufe E., Ferreira S., Boudot J.-P., Alves P.C. & D. J. Harris 2014: Molecular phylogeny of the Western Palaearctic Cordulegaster taxa (Odonata: Anisoptera: Cordulegastridae). – Biolog. Journ. Linn. Soc. 111: 49,57.
Selys-Longchamps E. 1843: Note sur quelques Libellules d’Europe. – Annls Soc. ent. Fr. (2)1:107-109.